According to foreign media reports, researchers at Hasselt University in Belgium have proposed a new type of solid composite electrolyte for lithium-ion batteries : eutectic solvent (DES), a silica composite. DES-based gel electrolytes - which the team calls eutectogels (ETGs), characterized by high ionic conductivity (1.46 mS cm–1), (high) heat (up to 130 °C) and electrochemistry Stability (up to 4.8V) and chemically inert to water and solvents.
Compared to ionic liquid-based composite electrolytes, such ETGs may be easily handled and may be less costly. In a paper published in the American Chemical Society's journal Chemical Materials, the team noted that Li/ETG/LiFePO4 cells exhibit a stable cycle in 100 cycles of C/10 (in case), showing the application of ETGs. Lithium-ion batteries have good prospects.
Lithium-ion batteries have some limitations, such as potential safety hazards, high prices, and storage limitations on weight/volume. This problem can be solved to the greatest extent by developing an ideal solid electrolyte. The organic liquid electrolyte in the conventional lithium ion battery is flammable, is prone to excessive oxidation at a potential as low as 4.2 V (versus Li), and does not prevent the growth of lithium crystal branches. Therefore, a conductive lithium ion solid electrolyte with strong electrochemical and thermal stability is very necessary for the deployment of next-generation cathode materials.
The team used the same ingredients to limit DES to a silica matrix by a non-aqueous sol-gel process. The resulting ETGs are transparent, homogenous, glass-like boulders without cracks. The cross section of the ETGs shows a porous structure filled with DES.
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