This content briefly introduces the difference between DSP and microcontroller.
1 memory structure is different
The microcontroller uses the von Neumann memory structure. In this configuration, only one memory space is connected to the processor core through a set of buses (an address bus and a data bus).
Most DSPs use a Harvard architecture that divides the memory space into two, storing programs and data separately.
2 Fixed Point Calculations Most DSPs use fixed point calculations instead of floating point. In order to ensure the accuracy of numbers without using floating-point machines, DSP processors support saturation calculations, rounding and shifting in both instruction set and hardware.
3 specialized addressing methods
DSP processors often support specialized addressing modes, such as module (loop) addressing, bit-reversed addressing. These very specialized addressing modes are not commonly used in GPP and are only implemented in software.
4 Support for dense multiplication operations
Microcontrollers are not designed to do intensive multiplication tasks. Even some modern GPPs require multiple instruction cycles to do a multiplication. The DSP processor uses specialized hardware to implement single-cycle multiplication. The DSP processor also adds an accumulator register to handle the sum of multiple products. The accumulator registers are typically wider than the other registers, adding extra bits called result bits to avoid overflow.
5 zero overhead loop
The one-chip computer is a more accurate translation of Single-chip Microcomputer, but the vocabulary that can accurately reflect the design idea of ​​single-chip microcomputer and has long-term technical vision is Microcontroller. The reason why the word "Single-chip Microcomputer" appeared was because of the early stage and even the MSC-51 period, the microcontroller accurately reflected the form and content of the Single-chip Microcomputer. However, when it developed to MSC-96 and developed to the new generation of 80C51, M68HC05, and M68HC11 series MCUs, various control functions were extended in the MCU, such as: A/D, PWM, PCA counter capture/comparison logic, high-speed I/O. Mouth, WDT, etc., have broken through the traditional content of Microcontroller and developed towards the connotation of Microcontroller. Therefore, it is time to give the name of the microcontroller, and foreign countries have gradually unified into Microcontroller. If we still keep the customary name of the microcontroller, we should think of it as a monolithic microcontroller, or directly called a microcontroller or a single-chip microcontroller, instead of using a single-chip microcomputer or single The computer has these words.
Another: One of the latest developments in integration technology is the integration of CPU and peripheral chips, such as program memory, data memory, parallel, serial I / O port, timer / counter, interrupt controller and other control components in the chip. Single-chip Microcomputer
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