After the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge, one of the "Seven Wonders of the Modern World" was opened, countless carts and trolleys come and go every day. So, what about the high-speed mobile network coverage on the bridge? What efforts and innovations have operators and equipment vendors made in coverage? How do users rate it?
With these questions in mind, on November 8, half a month after the official opening of the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge on October 23, a group of reporters followed engineers from ZTE, the network contractor, to learn about the front and back of the bridge's network coverage.
43 months upfront investment
According to Fang Zheng, Deputy General Manager of ZTE China Market Wireless Product Management, the network coverage of the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Cross-sea Bridge constructed by Guangdong Mobile Zhuhai Branch and ZTE was formally established in 2015 and officially put into construction in the second half of 2017 of. Because the bridge's multiple requirements for modernization, safety, and aesthetics are more stringent than the previous bridge construction, what network solution providers need is a customized wireless network coverage comprehensive solution that supports these special needs.
Fang Zheng, Deputy General Manager of ZTE China Market Wireless Product Operations
The bridge has a long journey, with arched routes and undersea tunnels. It is in a special linear coverage scenario. Extreme weather such as typhoons, thunderstorms and high temperatures is relatively concentrated, and many wireless signals such as Hong Kong and Macau form mutual interference on the bridge. Specular reflection interference is relatively serious. In response to various problems, ZTE has established a special joint project team with Guangdong Mobile and Zhuhai Mobile Branch to overcome them one by one.
"After 43 months and a lot of technical verification, it has overcome the requirements of ultra-long coverage and arched road coverage (avoiding blind spots and dead corners). Only after the deployment has achieved the result of quickly reaching the expected commercial results, the overall effect is still relatively ideal." Fang Zheng said.
On the first day of the bridge's opening, the peak number of 4G network users on the bridge deck exceeded 5,000, the wireless connection rate exceeded 99.6%, the connection success rate exceeded expectations, and the VoLTE connection rate exceeded 99.7%, and the on-site VoLTE users felt good. Whether it is on the steel frame structure of the bridge or in the 6.75-kilometer submarine tunnel, the mobile 4G download rate in high-speed scenarios reaches over 50Mbps and the upload rate reaches 18Mbps.
Customization + innovation to deal with harsh deployment environment
It is reported that the ZTE base station radio frequency module is currently used in the Zhuhai section (22 kilometers) of the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge. In terms of equipment selection, ZTE TDD LTE multi-mode RRU and FDD LTE high-power RRU are used, which can meet the coverage of various standard networks, and take into account the substantial increase in capacity brought about by the later development of eMBB. In response to extreme weather such as typhoons, ZTE has customized and developed reinforced installation parts. All installation parts are treated with special materials to resist the corrosion of high humidity and salinity in the sea area and comprehensively ensure the safety of equipment.
Picture: Lighthouse-style base station on the artificial island at the Hong Kong-Macau Port
In terms of networking plan, in view of the linear coverage scenario of the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge, ZTE set up the computer room on the Zhuhai-Macao port artificial island and the west artificial island on both sides of the bridge, and the RRU is extended by more than 10 kilometers. Considering the space and future 5G network construction , bridge fiber core resource shortage and many other problems, ZTE adopted a single-core bidirectional solution, saving 75% of fiber core resources.
According to Fangzheng, the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge cannot leave more space for later network transformation and upgrading in the implementation of network coverage. Therefore, it is necessary to deploy and improve the network at one time as much as possible, and at the same time reserve conditions for the 5G network upgrade. Therefore, the bridge deck coverage provided by ZTE not only meets the coverage requirements of the existing 4G network, but also takes into account the smooth evolution of 5G in the future. The solution adopts the 5G-ready Cloud RAN solution, which supports the combined deployment of GSM/FDD/NB/TDD multi-mode and multi-frequency networks. At the same time, the MEC and CU co-server mode is adopted in the architecture, and 5G capabilities are embedded.
"In order to meet the requirements of backward evolution, we proposed the positioning of 'smart bridge' from the beginning. In addition to the mobile network, we also configured access capabilities for the Internet of Things, and made business reserves for 5G and edge computing services. Now we are in the bridge. Deploying edge computing servers on the Internet is fully considering future evolution.â€
Multiple "World's Best"
The Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge not only created a number of "world's best" in bridge construction, but also formed a number of model cases in network coverage, engineering and optimization.
Fang Zheng gave an example. The Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge has very high requirements for environmental protection and other indicators, and the erection of wireless base stations is subject to many restrictions. For example, in the gantry position of the bridge, there are 25 in the Zhuhai section, the maximum distance is 3 kilometers, and the bridge deck Some are arched, all of which place special demands on wireless signal coverage. Moreover, the location of the equipment room is also very limited, and the distance of optical fiber extension is generally 10 kilometers, but on this bridge, the development of 20 kilometers of optical fiber extension technology has been realized, which overcomes the challenges of the scene. In addition, ZTE has also done a lot of work in frequency band selection, equipment selection, and soft power enhancement.
"It can be said that the technological advancement of the bridge's wireless network coverage is the highest in China or even in the world."
It is reported that after the completion of the network, in order to avoid frequency interference in the direction of Hong Kong and Macao, and mirror interference on the sea surface, ZTE has also made a lot of optimizations. Global operators and domestic operators have greater confidence in the cooperation with ZTE, and the high standard of bridge network coverage has also demonstrated ZTE's advantages in technology and services.
Zhuhai Air Show: Another Typical Example of Large-capacity Network Coverage
Soon after the opening of the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge, another large-scale event in Zhuhai, the "Zhuhai Air Show", also opened. It is expected that the total number of visitors to this exhibition will exceed 500,000, and the audience will no longer share pictures and texts, but small videos. Sharing or live broadcast is mainly used, which greatly increases the upstream traffic of the live network.
According to Liu Shihong, director of the mobile wireless project group of ZTE Guangzhou Branch, the network traffic of the Zhuhai Air Show is larger than before, and the tidal effect is obvious. During the air show, more spectators rushed out to watch in the venue and surrounding areas, which led to the surge in instantaneous communication demand in some areas. Coupled with the outbreak of upstream traffic, the difficulty of network security was also higher than in previous years.
In this regard, on the one hand, ZTE has made perfect coverage on the ceiling and suspended ceilings in the venue, and has also carried out targeted base station deployment outside the venue. Some base stations are built around the venues to ensure capacity and reduce interference. For the tidal effect, technologies such as automatic load balancing optimization algorithm adjustment are also used to impose restrictions on some users who occupy a large amount of network resources and take a long time to a certain extent; And introduced Pre5G technology to upgrade network capabilities.
In terms of emergency communication support, Zhuhai Mobile has deployed a number of emergency vehicles, opened the network in advance and optimized it to deal with emergencies in the venue; at the same time, it has also built a visual background support, which can see the traffic and signal changes in various local locations in real time. .
"Nowadays, user characteristics have changed a lot compared to the past. The operator's unlimited data package allows users to no longer worry about data charges, and the popularity of various live video broadcasts has led to a surge in upstream traffic. The biggest change guaranteed, in the future, ZTE's solutions for 5G and edge computing will also better support such network needs." Liu Shihong concluded.
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