On the evening of October 21, 1879, Edison and his assistants put carbon filaments into the bulbs, which in turn invented the lights.
On November 4, 2011, the National Development and Reform Commission and other departments announced the phase-out of incandescent lamps according to their power levels. This ancient lamp will gradually emerge from people's perspective.
Incandescent Lamps Beyond: Fluorescent and LED Energy Saving Lamps
It has been more than a century of history that incandescent lamps have been used by humans. However, such lamps can only convert 10% of the energy into light and 90% of it into useless heat energy.
When the incandescent lamp is working, the temperature of the glass bulb can reach up to about 100°C. This inefficiency consumes a lot of energy. On November 4, Development and Reform Commission and other departments announced the phase-out of incandescent lamps according to their power, and decided to ban the import and sale of incandescent lamps with an average of more than 100 watts since October 1, 2012. .
Liu Changxin, an engineer at Shenyang Huaguang Lighting Appliance Co., Ltd., introduced that the reason why we need to phase out incandescent lamps is because there are more energy efficient lights.
"Fluorescent lamp is the second generation of light source after incandescent lamp. It uses gas discharge. When the gas inside is energized, it will emit light. The efficiency is much higher than that of incandescent lamp. The efficiency is close to 40%. The heat generated is just the same brightness of the incandescent lamp. One-sixth, so many places, especially in summer shopping malls, will not generate too much heat, but also save electricity."
In the inspection room, there is a lamp that is a metal base. Half of the bulb is surrounded by metal and the other half is a milky lamp shade.
Liu Changxin introduced: “This is a led energy-saving lamp, which is currently the most advanced light source. When current is applied to this wafer through a wire, the electrons emit energy in the form of photons, which is the principle of LED light emission. The efficiency of LED energy-saving lamps can reach 100%, but with current technology, the efficiency of converting electric energy into light energy is above 45%."
The same 40-watt LED energy-saving lighting flux is about 5 times incandescent
In Shenyang Huaguang Lighting Appliance Co., Ltd., Liu Changxin conducted comparison tests on incandescent lamps, fluorescent lamps, and LED energy-saving lamps.
The device under test consisted of three parts, an integrating sphere with a diameter of two meters, a sensor and a computer spectrum analysis system.
Open the integrating ball, put the light in the goal and turn off the integrating ball after power on. There is a white barium sulphate coating on the inner wall of the integrating sphere, which can reflect light to the sensor in a confined space. The sensor is connected with the computer's spectral analysis system, and various indicators of the light source are systematically analyzed.
Contrast the luminous flux with 40W incandescent, fluorescent and LED energy-saving lamps.
Incandescent: 367 lumens. Fluorescent light: 2721 lumens. LED energy-saving lamps: 3498 lumens.
Liu Changxin introduced: "In general terms, luminous flux is the amount of light emitted per unit time. Its unit is called lumens, and 100 lumens is equivalent to the light emitted by a 15 watt incandescent lamp."
From the test, it can be seen that fluorescent lamps and LED energy-saving lamps emit much more light than incandescent lamps with the same power of 40 W. The luminous flux of LED energy-saving lamps is nearly 5 times that of incandescent lamps.
Incandescent lamp life is about 1000 hours, LED energy-saving lamp life is between 50,000 hours and 60,000 hours
In the computer analysis system, the luminous flux is set at 2600 lumens. According to data analysis, to emit these lights, the power of an incandescent lamp is 200 watts, the power of a fluorescent lamp is 40 watts, and the power of an LED energy-saving lamp is 26 watts.
Liu Changxin introduced that the size of the lamp's power represents the amount of energy consumed. It takes 1 kWh, 200 watts for 5 hours, 40 watts for 25 hours, and LED energy saving lamps for nearly 40 hours.
Under the same conditions, to emit the same amount of light, the energy consumption of incandescent lamps is 5 times that of fluorescent lamps and 8 times that of LED energy-saving lamps, which means that the latter two will save considerable power.
To confirm this data, Liu Changxin connected the 25-watt incandescent lamp, the 7-watt fluorescent lamp, and the 5-watt LED energy-saving lamp in series under a dark background.
Comparison shows that the amount of light emitted by the three is roughly the same, 5 watt LED energy-saving lamps are slightly brighter than the 7 watt fluorescent lamps.
In addition to the difference in energy consumption, there is a large difference in the life expectancy among the three.
The life of incandescent lamps is about 1000 hours, the life of fluorescent lamps is generally 6,000 to 10,000 hours, and the life span of LED energy-saving lamps is between 50,000 hours and 60,000 hours.
Taking 6 hours per day, incandescent lamps can be used for more than 5 months, fluorescent lamps can be used for nearly 3 years, and LED energy-saving lamps can be used for about 23 years.
Old-fashioned bulbs consume electricity but adapt to various voltages
Li Lan introduced that although LED energy-saving lamps are highly efficient and energy-saving, due to their high cost, they cannot be widely promoted.
The same lamp can emit 2600 lumens, the market price of the 200W incandescent lamp is 2 yuan, while the price of the 40W fluorescent lamp is 4 yuan, and the price of the 26watt energy saving lamp is about 200 yuan.
Although there are cost differences, from the perspective of saving electricity costs and longer life expectancy, the cost performance of fluorescent lamps is the highest, and LED energy-saving lamps are still expensive.
Li Yu introduced that, from an environmental point of view, incandescent lamps will generate waste heat when used, there are heavy metals such as tungsten. Fluorescent lamps contain mercury that can be easily discarded to contaminate soil and rivers. LED energy-saving lamps are green, free of lead, mercury, and other heavy metals, and have no pollution to the environment.
For the problem of expensive LED energy-saving lamps, Li Xin said: "With the improvement and popularization of the process, the cost of LED energy-saving lamps will gradually decline, and then it will enter millions of households."
The reason why it can be used for more than a century, incandescent lamp has its own advantages: superior adaptability.
Li Yong, executive director of the China Lighting Association, said: "The incandescent lamp has a low cost, a relatively simple structure, and can adapt to various environments, not only the voltage of 220 volts. Even with a voltage of 100 volts, the incandescent lamp will light, and the voltage will exceed 220. Volts and incandescent lights will also light."
Incandescent lamp adaptability is also reflected in the voice-activated light, which is installed in many community corridors. “The current of the voice-activated lamp is continuously disconnected. If it is a fluorescent lamp, the continuous connection and disconnection of internal components will often be damaged. The cost of LED energy-saving lamps is too high, and incandescent lamps can just adapt to this environment.†In many workshops and rural areas, incandescent lamps are still widely used due to their low cost and adaptability.
Incandescent lamps also have a high color rendering index. "The color rendering index of incandescent lamps can reach 100%, that is, the color will not change substantially under its irradiation, and the fluorescent lamps and LED energy-saving lamps are all about 80%."
On November 4, 2011, the National Development and Reform Commission and other departments announced the phase-out of incandescent lamps according to their power levels. This ancient lamp will gradually emerge from people's perspective.
Incandescent Lamps Beyond: Fluorescent and LED Energy Saving Lamps
It has been more than a century of history that incandescent lamps have been used by humans. However, such lamps can only convert 10% of the energy into light and 90% of it into useless heat energy.
When the incandescent lamp is working, the temperature of the glass bulb can reach up to about 100°C. This inefficiency consumes a lot of energy. On November 4, Development and Reform Commission and other departments announced the phase-out of incandescent lamps according to their power, and decided to ban the import and sale of incandescent lamps with an average of more than 100 watts since October 1, 2012. .
Liu Changxin, an engineer at Shenyang Huaguang Lighting Appliance Co., Ltd., introduced that the reason why we need to phase out incandescent lamps is because there are more energy efficient lights.
"Fluorescent lamp is the second generation of light source after incandescent lamp. It uses gas discharge. When the gas inside is energized, it will emit light. The efficiency is much higher than that of incandescent lamp. The efficiency is close to 40%. The heat generated is just the same brightness of the incandescent lamp. One-sixth, so many places, especially in summer shopping malls, will not generate too much heat, but also save electricity."
In the inspection room, there is a lamp that is a metal base. Half of the bulb is surrounded by metal and the other half is a milky lamp shade.
Liu Changxin introduced: “This is a led energy-saving lamp, which is currently the most advanced light source. When current is applied to this wafer through a wire, the electrons emit energy in the form of photons, which is the principle of LED light emission. The efficiency of LED energy-saving lamps can reach 100%, but with current technology, the efficiency of converting electric energy into light energy is above 45%."
The same 40-watt LED energy-saving lighting flux is about 5 times incandescent
In Shenyang Huaguang Lighting Appliance Co., Ltd., Liu Changxin conducted comparison tests on incandescent lamps, fluorescent lamps, and LED energy-saving lamps.
The device under test consisted of three parts, an integrating sphere with a diameter of two meters, a sensor and a computer spectrum analysis system.
Open the integrating ball, put the light in the goal and turn off the integrating ball after power on. There is a white barium sulphate coating on the inner wall of the integrating sphere, which can reflect light to the sensor in a confined space. The sensor is connected with the computer's spectral analysis system, and various indicators of the light source are systematically analyzed.
Contrast the luminous flux with 40W incandescent, fluorescent and LED energy-saving lamps.
Incandescent: 367 lumens. Fluorescent light: 2721 lumens. LED energy-saving lamps: 3498 lumens.
Liu Changxin introduced: "In general terms, luminous flux is the amount of light emitted per unit time. Its unit is called lumens, and 100 lumens is equivalent to the light emitted by a 15 watt incandescent lamp."
From the test, it can be seen that fluorescent lamps and LED energy-saving lamps emit much more light than incandescent lamps with the same power of 40 W. The luminous flux of LED energy-saving lamps is nearly 5 times that of incandescent lamps.
Incandescent lamp life is about 1000 hours, LED energy-saving lamp life is between 50,000 hours and 60,000 hours
In the computer analysis system, the luminous flux is set at 2600 lumens. According to data analysis, to emit these lights, the power of an incandescent lamp is 200 watts, the power of a fluorescent lamp is 40 watts, and the power of an LED energy-saving lamp is 26 watts.
Liu Changxin introduced that the size of the lamp's power represents the amount of energy consumed. It takes 1 kWh, 200 watts for 5 hours, 40 watts for 25 hours, and LED energy saving lamps for nearly 40 hours.
Under the same conditions, to emit the same amount of light, the energy consumption of incandescent lamps is 5 times that of fluorescent lamps and 8 times that of LED energy-saving lamps, which means that the latter two will save considerable power.
To confirm this data, Liu Changxin connected the 25-watt incandescent lamp, the 7-watt fluorescent lamp, and the 5-watt LED energy-saving lamp in series under a dark background.
Comparison shows that the amount of light emitted by the three is roughly the same, 5 watt LED energy-saving lamps are slightly brighter than the 7 watt fluorescent lamps.
In addition to the difference in energy consumption, there is a large difference in the life expectancy among the three.
The life of incandescent lamps is about 1000 hours, the life of fluorescent lamps is generally 6,000 to 10,000 hours, and the life span of LED energy-saving lamps is between 50,000 hours and 60,000 hours.
Taking 6 hours per day, incandescent lamps can be used for more than 5 months, fluorescent lamps can be used for nearly 3 years, and LED energy-saving lamps can be used for about 23 years.
Old-fashioned bulbs consume electricity but adapt to various voltages
Li Lan introduced that although LED energy-saving lamps are highly efficient and energy-saving, due to their high cost, they cannot be widely promoted.
The same lamp can emit 2600 lumens, the market price of the 200W incandescent lamp is 2 yuan, while the price of the 40W fluorescent lamp is 4 yuan, and the price of the 26watt energy saving lamp is about 200 yuan.
Although there are cost differences, from the perspective of saving electricity costs and longer life expectancy, the cost performance of fluorescent lamps is the highest, and LED energy-saving lamps are still expensive.
Li Yu introduced that, from an environmental point of view, incandescent lamps will generate waste heat when used, there are heavy metals such as tungsten. Fluorescent lamps contain mercury that can be easily discarded to contaminate soil and rivers. LED energy-saving lamps are green, free of lead, mercury, and other heavy metals, and have no pollution to the environment.
For the problem of expensive LED energy-saving lamps, Li Xin said: "With the improvement and popularization of the process, the cost of LED energy-saving lamps will gradually decline, and then it will enter millions of households."
The reason why it can be used for more than a century, incandescent lamp has its own advantages: superior adaptability.
Li Yong, executive director of the China Lighting Association, said: "The incandescent lamp has a low cost, a relatively simple structure, and can adapt to various environments, not only the voltage of 220 volts. Even with a voltage of 100 volts, the incandescent lamp will light, and the voltage will exceed 220. Volts and incandescent lights will also light."
Incandescent lamp adaptability is also reflected in the voice-activated light, which is installed in many community corridors. “The current of the voice-activated lamp is continuously disconnected. If it is a fluorescent lamp, the continuous connection and disconnection of internal components will often be damaged. The cost of LED energy-saving lamps is too high, and incandescent lamps can just adapt to this environment.†In many workshops and rural areas, incandescent lamps are still widely used due to their low cost and adaptability.
Incandescent lamps also have a high color rendering index. "The color rendering index of incandescent lamps can reach 100%, that is, the color will not change substantially under its irradiation, and the fluorescent lamps and LED energy-saving lamps are all about 80%."
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