In recent years, distributed generation has attracted more and more attention worldwide due to its low initial construction investment and flexible power generation methods, which has brought tremendous changes to the operation and control of power systems. In the first year of the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan", the State Council executive meeting decided that China will basically build a new rural power grid during the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" period. Industry insiders believe that the new rural power grids with safety, reliability, energy conservation, environmental protection, advanced technology, and standardized management will follow the gradual formation of a new round of construction boom. China's distributed new energy power generation has broad prospects in rural areas.
Economic and rational application of remote mountainous areas "For the vast economically underdeveloped rural areas, especially in the agricultural and pastoral areas and in remote mountain areas, the formation of a certain scale and strong centralized distribution network requires huge investment and a long period of time. Moreover, the large power grid has a high cost for power transmission and transmission losses in remote areas, and therefore, from a technical and economic point of view, extending the large power grid to remote mountainous regions and rural areas is often inappropriate, and the characteristics of distributed power generation methods such as flexibility are just filled. The market gap that is difficult for the large-scale power grid to spread is very promising, and the prospects for development are very impressive.†Wu Liangming, a researcher at the National Grid Research Institute of Agricultural Power and Power Distribution, said in an interview.
The combination of large grid systems and distributed renewable power sources can also increase system security and flexibility, and is considered by many energy and power experts worldwide as the main development model for the 21st century power industry.
According to the reporter's understanding, distributed generation refers to power generation facilities that are directly located in the distribution network or distributed in the vicinity of the load, and generate electricity economically, efficiently, and reliably. At present, the broad masses of mountainous people in China use the abundant local small hydropower resources to carry out the construction of rural electrification with small hydropower as its main source. The nation’s 300 million people are mainly powered by small hydropower. This kind of power supply is a necessary condition for rural life in remote areas and is also the basis of national economic development.
Technical support for sustainable development Wu Liang believes that power generation is one of the main ways of energy consumption, with the gradual improvement of distributed generation technology and the corresponding adjustments and changes to its original distribution system protection and reclosing design structure. This enables distributed generation to be connected to the grid system for grid connection. Therefore, distributed generation based on renewable energy is worth praising.
According to the reporter, distributed generation is an energy-saving power generation technology that has been advocated at home and abroad in recent years. It usually refers to the small-scale modular power generation of several kW to hundreds of megawatts (and some proposals are limited to 30 to 50 megawatts). Decentralized, highly efficient, reliable, clean and environmentally friendly power generation units located near users.
With the large-scale power outages, such as the snowstorm in 2008 that caused the power supply in many areas in the south to be affected, distributed power generation with small-capacity and low-cost renewable energy has received extensive attention.
It is understood that in the United States, distributed power generation equipment accounted for 16% in 2001. Distributed power generation with renewable energy as the theme in EU countries has developed rapidly. In 1998, the UK's renewable energy power generation capacity has reached 1.8 million kilowatts, accounting for With 2.5% of total generation capacity, Germany has implemented renewable energy regulations since 2000. It is estimated that by 2030, the renewable energy generation capacity will reach 30% of the total generation capacity. At present, with the adjustment of relevant development goals, China’s total investment in new energy will exceed 3 trillion yuan.
However, despite the rapid development of distributed generation technology in the world, its development in China has just started, and there are many obstacles and bottlenecks. Compared with foreign countries, many of China's power generation technologies are still in the stage of laboratory application. The efficiency of power generation is not high and there are many uncertainties. Some core technologies need to be imported from abroad, so the cost will be greatly increased, resulting in greatly increased electricity prices. When the distributed power grid has a significant impact on the stability, control and relay protection of the power system, how to eliminate or reduce its negative impact will be the subject of future research by electric power scientists.
At present, distributed generation is more difficult to obtain administrative licenses than conventional power projects. The reason is that there is a lack of regulations on the licensing of distributed generation policies. Even if it is treated in the same way as conventional power projects, it is unfair because of distributed generation. The project has a small scale and low investment, and it completely applies conventional power generation projects. The preparatory cost for administrative licensing is relatively high.
In addition, under the current market conditions, the social benefits of distributed generation are not internalized, policies are not perfect, and there are many uncertainties in the project. The financial sector considers the risks to be high, and there are many small and medium investors. The financial strength is weak, and financing credit is low. "These issues are urgently needed to improve gradually in the future development of distributed generation." Wu Mingliang said.
Economic and rational application of remote mountainous areas "For the vast economically underdeveloped rural areas, especially in the agricultural and pastoral areas and in remote mountain areas, the formation of a certain scale and strong centralized distribution network requires huge investment and a long period of time. Moreover, the large power grid has a high cost for power transmission and transmission losses in remote areas, and therefore, from a technical and economic point of view, extending the large power grid to remote mountainous regions and rural areas is often inappropriate, and the characteristics of distributed power generation methods such as flexibility are just filled. The market gap that is difficult for the large-scale power grid to spread is very promising, and the prospects for development are very impressive.†Wu Liangming, a researcher at the National Grid Research Institute of Agricultural Power and Power Distribution, said in an interview.
The combination of large grid systems and distributed renewable power sources can also increase system security and flexibility, and is considered by many energy and power experts worldwide as the main development model for the 21st century power industry.
According to the reporter's understanding, distributed generation refers to power generation facilities that are directly located in the distribution network or distributed in the vicinity of the load, and generate electricity economically, efficiently, and reliably. At present, the broad masses of mountainous people in China use the abundant local small hydropower resources to carry out the construction of rural electrification with small hydropower as its main source. The nation’s 300 million people are mainly powered by small hydropower. This kind of power supply is a necessary condition for rural life in remote areas and is also the basis of national economic development.
Technical support for sustainable development Wu Liang believes that power generation is one of the main ways of energy consumption, with the gradual improvement of distributed generation technology and the corresponding adjustments and changes to its original distribution system protection and reclosing design structure. This enables distributed generation to be connected to the grid system for grid connection. Therefore, distributed generation based on renewable energy is worth praising.
According to the reporter, distributed generation is an energy-saving power generation technology that has been advocated at home and abroad in recent years. It usually refers to the small-scale modular power generation of several kW to hundreds of megawatts (and some proposals are limited to 30 to 50 megawatts). Decentralized, highly efficient, reliable, clean and environmentally friendly power generation units located near users.
With the large-scale power outages, such as the snowstorm in 2008 that caused the power supply in many areas in the south to be affected, distributed power generation with small-capacity and low-cost renewable energy has received extensive attention.
It is understood that in the United States, distributed power generation equipment accounted for 16% in 2001. Distributed power generation with renewable energy as the theme in EU countries has developed rapidly. In 1998, the UK's renewable energy power generation capacity has reached 1.8 million kilowatts, accounting for With 2.5% of total generation capacity, Germany has implemented renewable energy regulations since 2000. It is estimated that by 2030, the renewable energy generation capacity will reach 30% of the total generation capacity. At present, with the adjustment of relevant development goals, China’s total investment in new energy will exceed 3 trillion yuan.
However, despite the rapid development of distributed generation technology in the world, its development in China has just started, and there are many obstacles and bottlenecks. Compared with foreign countries, many of China's power generation technologies are still in the stage of laboratory application. The efficiency of power generation is not high and there are many uncertainties. Some core technologies need to be imported from abroad, so the cost will be greatly increased, resulting in greatly increased electricity prices. When the distributed power grid has a significant impact on the stability, control and relay protection of the power system, how to eliminate or reduce its negative impact will be the subject of future research by electric power scientists.
At present, distributed generation is more difficult to obtain administrative licenses than conventional power projects. The reason is that there is a lack of regulations on the licensing of distributed generation policies. Even if it is treated in the same way as conventional power projects, it is unfair because of distributed generation. The project has a small scale and low investment, and it completely applies conventional power generation projects. The preparatory cost for administrative licensing is relatively high.
In addition, under the current market conditions, the social benefits of distributed generation are not internalized, policies are not perfect, and there are many uncertainties in the project. The financial sector considers the risks to be high, and there are many small and medium investors. The financial strength is weak, and financing credit is low. "These issues are urgently needed to improve gradually in the future development of distributed generation." Wu Mingliang said.
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