Electronic enthusiasts core tips : According to IHS iSuppli ’s magnetic sensor market tracking report, the semiconductor magnetic sensor market in industrial and medical applications grew moderately by 6% last year. Green energy trends are the main factors driving its growth. In 2011, industrial and medical magnetic sensor revenue was US $ 118.2 million, compared with US $ 111.9 million in 2010. Although the operating income in this field is less than other magnetic sensor fields such as automotive and wireless-consumption, it will promote the continued expansion of the sensor market in the next few years. By 2016, the operating income of this magnetic sensor field will increase to 175.5 million US dollars, as shown in the following figure, the five-year compound annual growth rate is 8%.
The magnetic sensor market consists of Hall effect and magnetoresistive semiconductor ICs, used to track angular velocity and linear angle in machines and products, or to detect and process magnetic fields to establish positional relationships. In industrial and medical applications, magnetic sensors are used in motors to improve their energy efficiency. Sensors are also used in a series of medical devices involving some form of motor control to compare pumps. Last year, 70% of operating income came from industrial applications, and medical applications accounted for the remaining 30%.
Magnetic sensors are widely used in industry
In industrial applications, renewable energy systems such as solar installations and wind turbines have been the main growth points for magnetic sensors. On the other hand, the power consumed by various types of motors is estimated to account for 45%. If the efficiency of the motors can be improved, a lot of energy may be saved. Government legislation aimed at reducing energy consumption is also good for sensors.
Examples of motors using magnetic sensors include low-voltage AC and DC motors, three-phase induction motors, stepper motors and servo motors, single-phase motors, and compact motor drives.
In other industrial applications, magnetic sensors can be used in uninterruptible power supplies (UPS) for machines such as computer servers, welding systems, robotics, train transportation infrastructure, non-road vehicles and forklifts.
In industrial applications, the most popular types of magnetic sensors are current sensors, including shunt resistors, Hall effect integrated circuits, current sensing transformers, open-loop and closed-loop Hall devices, and flux gate sensors. In many applications measuring currents below 50 amps, such as residential solar inverter applications or small UPS systems, a simple resTIve bar or shunt is used.
But as the measured current intensity increases, shunt becomes bulky and expensive. In high current applications such as large frequency conversion motors, the open-loop and closed-loop Hall sensors use Hall-effect ICs in a small package; they can also increase integration and include a dedicated integrated circuit in the package. Hall IC is also used in inverter control applications for industrial washing machines.
In addition to current sensors, independent Hall-effect ICs or magnetoresistive sensor switches also exist in the smaller magnetic sensor market. These devices are used for motor rectification to reduce ripple and improve performance, or for position measurement.
Magnetic sensors play a key role in medical applications
The application of magnetic sensors in the medical field, although smaller than the industrial field, can save lives or improve the quality of life. Mainly used in medical equipment using commutation sensors, for motor control, such as ventilator applications; infusion, insulin and syringe pumps; or kidney dialysis machines.
Another example of the application of sensors in the medical field is a simple centrifuge used to prepare samples. Sensors are used to help control small motors, making them quieter and more reliable.
The switch is also a prominent application and is used in safe operating medicine cabinets, or in bed adjustments and hearing aids. In the field of hearing aids, giant magnetoresistive sensor ICs (GMR) compete with Hall and reed switches.
Major producer
The main semiconductor suppliers of Hall-effect ICs include Asahi Kasei Microsystems of Japan, Allegro MicroSystems of the United States (of Sanken), Melexis NV of Belgium, Micronas of Switzerland, and LEM. These vendors usually provide stand-alone ICs in plastic packages for commutation and position switches, as well as current sensing.
Hall effect elements with amplifiers or Hall ICs are also part of open-loop or closed-loop current sensors. Manufacturers of these sensors include LEM, Swedish ABB, British Telco, and Japanese Tamura and Kohshin. In this supplier camp, Germany Vacuumschmeize is a major supplier of non-Hall current sensing, which uses magnetic induction.
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