White-collar workers in modern society, the scope of daily activities is probably the office, home, Shenma cervical spondylosis, mouse hand, chronic pharyngitis, dry eye, screen face, computer vertebra... all come! Fortunately, there are already many people Awakened, I began to enter various sports venues to participate in fitness activities and enhance physical fitness. Having said that, let's let Xiaobian take everyone to understand the lighting of various sports venues!
The lighting of the stadium is an important part of the stadium design and is more complicated. It not only meets the requirements of athletes for competition and audience viewing, but also meets the requirements of TV live broadcast on color temperature, illumination, illumination uniformity, etc., which is far higher than athletes and viewers. In addition, the lighting method of the lighting fixtures needs to be closely coordinated with the overall planning of the stadium and the structure of the stands. In particular, the maintenance of lighting equipment is closely related to the architectural design and should be considered comprehensively.
football field:
Football is a highly confrontational group sporting event, a popular sport in the world. The history of football development is sufficient to illustrate vitality and influence. According to the rules of the FIFA, the length of the football field is 105~110m and the width is 68~75m. There should be no obstacles at least 5m outside the bottom line and the side line to ensure the safety of the athletes.
Football lighting is divided into indoor soccer field lighting and outdoor soccer field lighting. The way to install different lights is different. The standard should be based on the use of football field to determine the standard of lighting, divided into seven levels, training and entertainment activities illumination 200lx, amateur competition 500lx, professional competition 750lx, general TV broadcast 1000lx, large international competition HDTV broadcast 1400lx, TV emergency 750lx.
In the past, traditional football stadiums generally used 1000W, 1500W metal halide lamps or floodlights . Due to the glare, high energy consumption, short life, inconvenient installation, poor color rendering, and insufficient actual brightness, traditional lamps have been used. It is difficult to meet the lighting requirements of modern stadiums.
Football is a highly confrontational group sporting event, a popular sport in the world. The history of football development is sufficient to illustrate vitality and influence. According to the rules of the FIFA, the length of the football field is 105~110m and the width is 68~75m. There should be no obstacles at least 5m outside the bottom line and the side line to ensure the safety of the athletes.
Football lighting is divided into indoor soccer field lighting and outdoor soccer field lighting. The way to install different lights is different. The standard should be based on the use of football field to determine the standard of lighting, divided into seven levels, training and entertainment activities illumination 200lx, amateur competition 500lx, professional competition 750lx, general TV broadcast 1000lx, large international competition HDTV broadcast 1400lx, TV emergency 750lx.
In the past, traditional football stadiums generally used 1000W, 1500W metal halide lamps or floodlights. Due to the glare, high energy consumption, short life, inconvenient installation, poor color rendering, and insufficient actual brightness, traditional lamps have been used. It is difficult to meet the lighting requirements of modern stadiums.
The LED lighting of the football field should have sufficient illumination above the playing field, but avoid glare to the athletes. The LED field of the football field is generally a high pole light or a flood light. The position of the light can be installed on the edge of the ceiling of the stand or on the top of the pole. The pole is installed around the stadium; and the LED lighting requirements are determined according to different stadiums. Number of lamps and power.
Basketball court:
Standard LED lighting standards for basketball:
First, the choice of light source:
1. For stadiums with high installation height, the light source should be LED stadium lights with small angles.
2. Indoor stadiums with lower ceilings and smaller areas should use LED stadium lights with smaller power and larger illumination angles.
3. Special site light source can be used with LED stadium lights with explosion-proof function.
4. The power of the light source should be compatible with the size of the competition venue, installation location and height. High-power LED stadium lights should be used in outdoor stadiums, and the light source should be guaranteed to work uninterrupted or quickly.
5. The light source should have suitable color temperature, good color rendering, high light efficiency, long life and stable ignition and photoelectric properties.
6. The relevant color temperature and application of the light source can be determined by the following table.
2. Selection of lamps
1. The safety performance of lamps and accessories should fully comply with the relevant standards.
2. The level of protection against electric shock of the luminaire shall meet the following requirements:
Work-type luminaires or Class II luminaires with a metal casing grounded should be used.
badminton court:
There are usually three forms of lighting in a badminton hall, namely, natural lighting, artificial lighting, and hybrid lighting that are used together. Most of the modern badminton courts are mixed lighting, and the artificial lighting of the badminton court is general lighting. In the design of the badminton hall, to make the athlete accurately judge the ball path, height and drop point, the first is to make the best use of natural light, the effect of natural light is the best, of course, to prevent glare, not to allow excessive light or Reflected into the eye. The second is to increase the stability of the illumination and the uniformity and coordination of the distribution. This is not only important for athletes to achieve excellent results, but also for the accurate judgment of the referee and the appreciation of the audience.
The quality of badminton court lighting quality is mainly considered from the following five aspects:
1) Illumination level: Whether the illumination level meets the standard;
2) Uniformity of illumination: whether the illumination of the sports ground is uniform;
3) Glare: Whether the glare is obvious;
4) Brightness ratio: the difference between the color and brightness of the object and the background;
5) Stability of lighting: Is there a strobe?
Recommended for badminton hall lighting:
1. Use the lamps on the ceiling (LED indoor stadium lights) for general illumination, and then add auxiliary light-transmitting illumination from higher positions on both sides of the net;
2, the lamp should have a light shield to prevent glare;
3. In order to avoid high brightness above the athletes, there should be no lamps above the main competition area. In general, the minimum free height required for international competitions is 12 meters. Therefore, the installation height of the lamps is at least 12 meters.
LED indoor stadium lights are recommended. For the venues of the informal competition, the height of the ceiling of the venue can be lower. When the height of the ceiling is less than 6 meters, it is recommended to use the LED indoor stadium lights with lower power to achieve the illumination requirement and save energy.
Swimming pool:
In the struggle against nature, in order to survive, and sometimes for entertainment, humans gradually mastered the swimming skills. Until 1896, the swimming project entered the first modern Olympic Games. From May 1, 1957, the FINA regulations only recognize the world record created in the 50-meter standard pool. The international standard swimming pool is 50 meters long, at least 25 meters wide and 2 meters deep. There are 8 lanes, each lane is 2.5 meters wide, and the outer lanes of the first and eighth lanes are 2.5 meters from the wall.
Lighting method:
The indoor swimming and diving hall usually considers the maintenance and repair of the lamps. Generally, the lamps are not arranged above the water surface, except for the special maintenance access channel above the water surface. For venues that do not have TV broadcast requirements, the lamps are often scattered under the ceiling above the water surface, under the roof trusses or on the walls. For venues with TV broadcast requirements, the lamps are generally arranged in a light belt, that is, arranged on the sides of the pool Longitudinal horse road, horizontal horse path is arranged on the bank of the two ends. In addition, it is necessary to set appropriate amount of lamps under the platform and springboard to eliminate the shadow formed by the diving platform and the springboard, and to focus on the diving warm-up pool.
It should be emphasized that diving sports should not be arranged above the diving pool. Otherwise, there will be a mirror image of the light in the water, which will cause light interference to the athletes and affect the judgment and play of the athletes.
In addition, due to the unique optical properties of the water medium, the following problems are mainly considered in the indoor swimming and diving hall lighting and the horse track arrangement.
Glare control
Due to the unique optical properties of the water medium, the glare control of the swimming pool venue lighting is more difficult than other types of venues, which is particularly important.
a. Control the reflected glare of the water surface by controlling the projection angle of the luminaire. Generally speaking, the projection angle of the stadium's luminaire is not more than 60°, and the projection angle of the luminaire of the swimming pool is required to be no more than 55°, preferably no more than 50°. The larger the incident angle of light, the more light is reflected from the water surface. b. Glare control measures for diving athletes. For diving, the range of the site includes 2 meters from the platform and 5 meters from the springboard to the surface of the water, which is the entire trajectory space of the diving athlete. In this space, the venue lighting does not allow any discomfort to the athletes.
c. Strictly control the glare to the camera. That is, the light on the still water surface must not be reflected from the main camera field of view, and the light emitted by the lamp should not be directly directed to the fixed camera. It is more ideal if the 50° sector area centered on the fixed camera is not directly illuminated. d. Strictly control the glare generated by the mirror image of the luminaire in the water. For swimming and diving halls with TV broadcasts, the competition hall space is relatively large, and the venue lighting fixtures generally use high-power LED lamps.
2. Horse path layout
a. Correctly determine the spatial extent of the lighting calculations in the game.
b. Reasonably determine the position of the horse.
Television broadcasting requires not only horizontal illumination, but also vertical illumination in four directions. At the same time, in order to ensure the stereoscopic effect of the shooting picture, the ratio of horizontal illumination to vertical illumination Eh/Ev should be between 0.5-2. The projection angle α1 of the near aiming point of the luminaire should not be too small, and the projection angle α2 of the distal aiming point should not be too large. If the projection angle α1 is too small, the vertical illuminance component is too small to satisfy the Eh/Ev ratio requirement, and if the projection angle α2 is too large, severe glare will occur.
golf course:
Design requirements for golf course lighting
First, the division of the stadium area and illuminance standards
The golf course separates the ball zone, the flat road, the obstacle zone, and the green area.
1. Teeing area: The horizontal illumination is 100LUX, and the vertical illumination of 100LUX is required to watch the direction, drop point and distance of the ball.
2, flat fairway and obstacle area: horizontal illumination 70LUX, to see the ball.
3. Greens: The horizontal illuminance of the greens is 200 LUX to ensure accurate determination of the height, slope and distance of the terrain.
Second, the requirements of the lighting design of the venue 1. The lighting in the teeing area should prevent strong shadows. The floodlights with wide light distribution are projected at close range. The pole is 5M away from the teeing area and is illuminated from 2 directions.
2. The fairway lighting is dominated by narrow floodlights to ensure sufficient vertical illumination and uniform illumination during the golf course.
3. There must be no lighting dead zone in the entire area, and no glare can occur.
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