At present, global photovoltaic power generation has been applied on a large scale. In contrast, China is still at the low end of the industrial chain. At the same time, China's energy and power development is also facing the pressure of structural adjustment, and the task of developing renewable energy is even more pressing. In this context, experts suggested that efforts should be made to actively plan and formulate plans for the construction of a number of tens of thousands kilowatt-class national energy bases for wind power and photovoltaic power generation and begin implementation. With Qinghai Haixi, which is rich in solar energy resources and geologically suitable, as the first choice, large-scale construction is planned. Scale photovoltaic bases, expanding domestic consumption in the photovoltaic market.
Global Photovoltaic Power Generation Has Been Large-scale Application China's Fifth Plenary Session of the Seventeenth Central Committee, which is still at the low end of the industrial chain, proposes to “cultivate and develop strategic emerging industries†while “proactively responding to global climate changeâ€. The Decision of the State Council on Accelerating the Cultivation and Development of Strategic Emerging Industries introduced the new energy industry as one of the seven strategic emerging industries. As a result, the task of vigorously developing renewable energy is becoming more urgent.
At present, from a global perspective, photovoltaic power generation is transitioning from supplementary energy sources to alternative energy sources, and presents a large-scale application form. Xu Honghua, deputy director of the Institute of Electrical Engineering of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, said that the average growth rate of installed capacity of photovoltaic power generation in the world in the past five years exceeded 50%, and its growth rate was the highest in all industries.
The data shows that the importance of photovoltaic power generation in large-scale centralized power stations is increasing. In 2008, the total installed photovoltaic power generation capacity in the world reached 18.2 million kilowatts, and the annual output of photovoltaic cells reached 5.6 million kilowatts.
According to the statistics and predictions of the future development trend of photovoltaic power generation by the World Energy Organization, and in accordance with the national photovoltaic industry development plan, the future photovoltaic industry still has considerable room for growth. By 2020, photovoltaic power generation will account for approximately 1% of total power generation, accounting for around 9% by 2030 and 20% by 2040.
On the other hand, costs have also shown a downward trend. The price in 2009 was about US$1.8 per unit, which was close to 50% lower than the price in 2008. As the business process accelerates, the cost of photovoltaic power generation will drop to 0.1 to 0.15 USD by 2015.
The Bohai Securities Report Research Report shows that in the next 5 to 10 years, the cost of photovoltaic power generation will be the same as the cost of conventional power generation. Germany believes that around 2017, the cost of photovoltaic power generation will be the same as the cost of conventional power generation, and then the cost of photovoltaic power generation will continue to decrease, while the cost of conventional power generation will increase, and the competitive advantage of photovoltaic power generation will be fully demonstrated. The United States is more optimistic about the cost of photovoltaic power generation, and believes that the cost of photovoltaic power generation and conventional power generation will be the same as conventional power generation costs around 2015.
Yan Luguang, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, pointed out that China’s total energy consumption may increase to about 7 billion tons of standard coal in 2050, and the total installed capacity of electric power generation will increase from 800 million kilowatts in 2008 to more than 3 billion kilowatts by 2050, which is reasonable from energy resources. With continuous use, environmental pollution and greenhouse gas emission limits, China must follow the direction of reducing the share of coal, greatly increase the share of renewable energy and nuclear energy, carry out energy restructuring, and establish a sustainable energy development system as soon as possible. Although current research and development and application of non-water renewable energy including wind energy, solar energy and biomass energy have made gratifying progress, the demand for large-scale development from 2050 is far away from each other and many effective measures are needed.
Domestically, in 2009, China produced approximately 4,000 megawatts of photovoltaic modules, accounting for more than 40% of the world's total, ranking the first in the world for three consecutive years. However, in every link of the photovoltaic industry chain, domestic companies are still in a relatively low-end position. The production technology of crystalline silicon, the main raw material for the photovoltaic industry, is firmly held by the United States, Japan, and Germany. China does not have a competitive advantage in the polysilicon segment. Most of the polysilicon plants under construction use Siemens' improved technology, which has high costs and serious pollution. In terms of solar cells, China is highly dependent on foreign markets. From 2007 to 2008, the import ratio exceeded 98%. In 2009, the import ratio was about 96%.
Meng Xianji, deputy director of the China Renewable Energy Society, believes that China's photovoltaic industry has made great progress, but photovoltaic manufacturing companies still need to make efforts on core technologies and core competitiveness.
Preparing to build a comprehensive energy base for photovoltaic and hydropower to realize the scale of photovoltaic power generation It is understood that large-scale photovoltaic power generation is suitable for development and utilization in desert areas. Based on the discontinuity and instability of the power supply, it must be combined with other power sources to form an integrated system. The large-scale desert areas in China are mainly located in the four provinces of Xinjiang, Inner Mongolia, Gansu and Qinghai. The total desert area is 710,000 square kilometers, and the Gobi area is 570,000 square kilometers. A total of 130 billion kilowatts of electricity can be generated. In combination with optoelectronics to form an integrated power system, hydropower is a better choice.
Liu Qi, deputy director of the National Energy Administration, pointed out that in order to rapidly promote the development of large-scale photovoltaic power generation in China, effectively implement energy structure adjustment, and establish a sustainable energy development system in China, we are currently studying and deploying large-scale photovoltaics. The preparation for the construction of a national comprehensive energy base combined with hydropower is of great significance.
According to national plans, the total installed capacity of hydropower will reach 400 million kilowatts by 2050, and economically exploitable hydraulic resources will be used within the allowable range of ecological environment and immigration. To this end, it is necessary to actively plan the establishment of several photovoltaic national energy bases with a capacity of tens of millions of kilowatts.
Yan Luguang said that at present, China's energy and power development is facing the important task of effectively realizing structural adjustment and establishing a sustainable development system, and increasing the total installed capacity of photovoltaic power generation to the scale of 100 million kilowatts is an important content. Therefore, on the basis of the existing large-scale base plans for coal, petroleum, hydropower, and nuclear power, the state should step up efforts to actively plan and formulate plans for the construction of several national energy bases for 10 million kilowatts of wind power and photovoltaic power generation, and begin implementation. At present, wind power The work has already started. Photovoltaic power generation should be given more attention and it should be carried out.
Qinghai's advantages in comprehensive resources highlight the choice of building a large-scale photovoltaic power generation base Xu Honghua believes that, in terms of sub-regional perspectives, the overall situation of solar energy, land, meteorology, power grids, transportation and industrial chain, Qinghai's comprehensive resource advantages in the photovoltaic industry highlights, with the construction of ultra-large-scale photovoltaic Power equipment conditions for power generation.
First, Qinghai has abundant solar energy resources and ranks second in the country.
Second, compared with Tibet, which is located at the top of the nation's solar energy resources, Qinghai also has better grid conditions. Only Qinghai Haixi area can be used as an integrated energy base with 200,000 square kilometers of land, mostly desert or Gobi. The space is vast, flat and unobstructed, precipitation is small, and geology, terrain and geomorphology are very suitable for the construction of photovoltaic energy. base.
Third, currently, Hercynian Sea has a relatively complete power grid, and the 750-kilovolt Xining-Golmud and the ±500-kilovolt Qinghai-Tibet DC grid projects continue to be constructed. According to the calculation of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, if we construct a photovoltaic energy base with 200,000 square kilometers of Hercynian ground, the annual power generation will exceed the total electricity consumption in 2007 in the country.
Wang Jingxiong, deputy director of the Qinghai Provincial Development and Reform Commission, said that in 2009, Qinghai Province launched a full-scale solar photovoltaic power station construction in the Qaidam Basin, and started construction of 19 grid-connected photovoltaic power stations with a capacity of 300 megawatts. The first batch of power plants is 10 megawatts. On the 10th of this year, it was connected to the grid for power generation.
At the same time, the abundant solar energy resources in the Qaidam Basin and the newly established Yellow River upstream hydropower base complement each other, and it is possible to build China's first multi-million kilowatt-class national comprehensive energy base combined with photovoltaic power generation and hydropower in 2020. It can also continue to develop to the base of 100 million kilowatts scale and become the center of large-scale photovoltaic power generation in China.
Yan Luguang suggested that the National Development and Reform Commission and the Energy Administration should include large-scale photovoltaic power generation bases in the national planning and planning system, and vigorously support Qinghai as a preferred base to actively and seriously carry out relevant work. The National Comprehensive Energy Base, which combines the construction of thousands of kva of photovoltaic power generation bases in Chaidamu with the hydropower bases in the upper reaches of the Yellow River, will be included in the National West Development and Development Plan for the next decade.
He also pointed out that in order to build a national integrated energy base with a total photovoltaic power generation capacity of over 10 million kilowatts, long-term and continuous coordination efforts must be carried out in many areas, including the development of large-scale, high-quality, long-life, low-cost photovoltaic power supply industries; The large-scale photovoltaic power plant with an installed capacity of several hundred thousand to million kilowatts; an experimental platform for the development, testing, demonstration, operation, and maintenance of key technologies and equipment.
Xie Yuan, director of the Qinghai Science and Technology Department, also stated that Qinghai is rich in silicon ore resources, with a conservative reserve of over 1 billion tons, and the development of large-scale production of solar-grade polysilicon and monocrystalline silicon has multiple advantages. In recent years, a relatively complete “polysilicon purification—crystalline silicon ingot/slice—solar cell module packaging—photovoltaic system balance component manufacturing—system integration†industrial chain has been formed, and large-scale photovoltaic bases are planned to be built, which will help expand the domestic photovoltaic market. consumption.
Global Photovoltaic Power Generation Has Been Large-scale Application China's Fifth Plenary Session of the Seventeenth Central Committee, which is still at the low end of the industrial chain, proposes to “cultivate and develop strategic emerging industries†while “proactively responding to global climate changeâ€. The Decision of the State Council on Accelerating the Cultivation and Development of Strategic Emerging Industries introduced the new energy industry as one of the seven strategic emerging industries. As a result, the task of vigorously developing renewable energy is becoming more urgent.
At present, from a global perspective, photovoltaic power generation is transitioning from supplementary energy sources to alternative energy sources, and presents a large-scale application form. Xu Honghua, deputy director of the Institute of Electrical Engineering of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, said that the average growth rate of installed capacity of photovoltaic power generation in the world in the past five years exceeded 50%, and its growth rate was the highest in all industries.
The data shows that the importance of photovoltaic power generation in large-scale centralized power stations is increasing. In 2008, the total installed photovoltaic power generation capacity in the world reached 18.2 million kilowatts, and the annual output of photovoltaic cells reached 5.6 million kilowatts.
According to the statistics and predictions of the future development trend of photovoltaic power generation by the World Energy Organization, and in accordance with the national photovoltaic industry development plan, the future photovoltaic industry still has considerable room for growth. By 2020, photovoltaic power generation will account for approximately 1% of total power generation, accounting for around 9% by 2030 and 20% by 2040.
On the other hand, costs have also shown a downward trend. The price in 2009 was about US$1.8 per unit, which was close to 50% lower than the price in 2008. As the business process accelerates, the cost of photovoltaic power generation will drop to 0.1 to 0.15 USD by 2015.
The Bohai Securities Report Research Report shows that in the next 5 to 10 years, the cost of photovoltaic power generation will be the same as the cost of conventional power generation. Germany believes that around 2017, the cost of photovoltaic power generation will be the same as the cost of conventional power generation, and then the cost of photovoltaic power generation will continue to decrease, while the cost of conventional power generation will increase, and the competitive advantage of photovoltaic power generation will be fully demonstrated. The United States is more optimistic about the cost of photovoltaic power generation, and believes that the cost of photovoltaic power generation and conventional power generation will be the same as conventional power generation costs around 2015.
Yan Luguang, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, pointed out that China’s total energy consumption may increase to about 7 billion tons of standard coal in 2050, and the total installed capacity of electric power generation will increase from 800 million kilowatts in 2008 to more than 3 billion kilowatts by 2050, which is reasonable from energy resources. With continuous use, environmental pollution and greenhouse gas emission limits, China must follow the direction of reducing the share of coal, greatly increase the share of renewable energy and nuclear energy, carry out energy restructuring, and establish a sustainable energy development system as soon as possible. Although current research and development and application of non-water renewable energy including wind energy, solar energy and biomass energy have made gratifying progress, the demand for large-scale development from 2050 is far away from each other and many effective measures are needed.
Domestically, in 2009, China produced approximately 4,000 megawatts of photovoltaic modules, accounting for more than 40% of the world's total, ranking the first in the world for three consecutive years. However, in every link of the photovoltaic industry chain, domestic companies are still in a relatively low-end position. The production technology of crystalline silicon, the main raw material for the photovoltaic industry, is firmly held by the United States, Japan, and Germany. China does not have a competitive advantage in the polysilicon segment. Most of the polysilicon plants under construction use Siemens' improved technology, which has high costs and serious pollution. In terms of solar cells, China is highly dependent on foreign markets. From 2007 to 2008, the import ratio exceeded 98%. In 2009, the import ratio was about 96%.
Meng Xianji, deputy director of the China Renewable Energy Society, believes that China's photovoltaic industry has made great progress, but photovoltaic manufacturing companies still need to make efforts on core technologies and core competitiveness.
Preparing to build a comprehensive energy base for photovoltaic and hydropower to realize the scale of photovoltaic power generation It is understood that large-scale photovoltaic power generation is suitable for development and utilization in desert areas. Based on the discontinuity and instability of the power supply, it must be combined with other power sources to form an integrated system. The large-scale desert areas in China are mainly located in the four provinces of Xinjiang, Inner Mongolia, Gansu and Qinghai. The total desert area is 710,000 square kilometers, and the Gobi area is 570,000 square kilometers. A total of 130 billion kilowatts of electricity can be generated. In combination with optoelectronics to form an integrated power system, hydropower is a better choice.
Liu Qi, deputy director of the National Energy Administration, pointed out that in order to rapidly promote the development of large-scale photovoltaic power generation in China, effectively implement energy structure adjustment, and establish a sustainable energy development system in China, we are currently studying and deploying large-scale photovoltaics. The preparation for the construction of a national comprehensive energy base combined with hydropower is of great significance.
According to national plans, the total installed capacity of hydropower will reach 400 million kilowatts by 2050, and economically exploitable hydraulic resources will be used within the allowable range of ecological environment and immigration. To this end, it is necessary to actively plan the establishment of several photovoltaic national energy bases with a capacity of tens of millions of kilowatts.
Yan Luguang said that at present, China's energy and power development is facing the important task of effectively realizing structural adjustment and establishing a sustainable development system, and increasing the total installed capacity of photovoltaic power generation to the scale of 100 million kilowatts is an important content. Therefore, on the basis of the existing large-scale base plans for coal, petroleum, hydropower, and nuclear power, the state should step up efforts to actively plan and formulate plans for the construction of several national energy bases for 10 million kilowatts of wind power and photovoltaic power generation, and begin implementation. At present, wind power The work has already started. Photovoltaic power generation should be given more attention and it should be carried out.
Qinghai's advantages in comprehensive resources highlight the choice of building a large-scale photovoltaic power generation base Xu Honghua believes that, in terms of sub-regional perspectives, the overall situation of solar energy, land, meteorology, power grids, transportation and industrial chain, Qinghai's comprehensive resource advantages in the photovoltaic industry highlights, with the construction of ultra-large-scale photovoltaic Power equipment conditions for power generation.
First, Qinghai has abundant solar energy resources and ranks second in the country.
Second, compared with Tibet, which is located at the top of the nation's solar energy resources, Qinghai also has better grid conditions. Only Qinghai Haixi area can be used as an integrated energy base with 200,000 square kilometers of land, mostly desert or Gobi. The space is vast, flat and unobstructed, precipitation is small, and geology, terrain and geomorphology are very suitable for the construction of photovoltaic energy. base.
Third, currently, Hercynian Sea has a relatively complete power grid, and the 750-kilovolt Xining-Golmud and the ±500-kilovolt Qinghai-Tibet DC grid projects continue to be constructed. According to the calculation of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, if we construct a photovoltaic energy base with 200,000 square kilometers of Hercynian ground, the annual power generation will exceed the total electricity consumption in 2007 in the country.
Wang Jingxiong, deputy director of the Qinghai Provincial Development and Reform Commission, said that in 2009, Qinghai Province launched a full-scale solar photovoltaic power station construction in the Qaidam Basin, and started construction of 19 grid-connected photovoltaic power stations with a capacity of 300 megawatts. The first batch of power plants is 10 megawatts. On the 10th of this year, it was connected to the grid for power generation.
At the same time, the abundant solar energy resources in the Qaidam Basin and the newly established Yellow River upstream hydropower base complement each other, and it is possible to build China's first multi-million kilowatt-class national comprehensive energy base combined with photovoltaic power generation and hydropower in 2020. It can also continue to develop to the base of 100 million kilowatts scale and become the center of large-scale photovoltaic power generation in China.
Yan Luguang suggested that the National Development and Reform Commission and the Energy Administration should include large-scale photovoltaic power generation bases in the national planning and planning system, and vigorously support Qinghai as a preferred base to actively and seriously carry out relevant work. The National Comprehensive Energy Base, which combines the construction of thousands of kva of photovoltaic power generation bases in Chaidamu with the hydropower bases in the upper reaches of the Yellow River, will be included in the National West Development and Development Plan for the next decade.
He also pointed out that in order to build a national integrated energy base with a total photovoltaic power generation capacity of over 10 million kilowatts, long-term and continuous coordination efforts must be carried out in many areas, including the development of large-scale, high-quality, long-life, low-cost photovoltaic power supply industries; The large-scale photovoltaic power plant with an installed capacity of several hundred thousand to million kilowatts; an experimental platform for the development, testing, demonstration, operation, and maintenance of key technologies and equipment.
Xie Yuan, director of the Qinghai Science and Technology Department, also stated that Qinghai is rich in silicon ore resources, with a conservative reserve of over 1 billion tons, and the development of large-scale production of solar-grade polysilicon and monocrystalline silicon has multiple advantages. In recent years, a relatively complete “polysilicon purification—crystalline silicon ingot/slice—solar cell module packaging—photovoltaic system balance component manufacturing—system integration†industrial chain has been formed, and large-scale photovoltaic bases are planned to be built, which will help expand the domestic photovoltaic market. consumption.
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