With the development of new technologies such as the Internet of Things and cloud computing, the early wired technology for smart homes has strong data transmission reliability and high transmission rate, but due to its large size, poor flexibility, wiring, wall drilling, complex construction, and functions. Fixed, relatively high cost, in the smart home applications began to appear to be powerless, and will be replaced by wireless communication / network technology. The wireless communication/network technology is flexible, mobile, and expandable. It is more in line with the needs of home network communication, and has become a trend in the development of smart home technology . It will greatly promote the development of smart homes and provide unlimited intelligence for the mass home life. .
Multiple wireless communication/network technologies coexist
Smart home integrates and systematically integrates home windows such as doors, windows, lighting, home appliances, security, audio and video, and requires a certain way to connect various devices for unified control and management, and wireless communication/network technology greatly satisfies this. Kind of demand. With the continuous improvement of home control and intelligence, wireless communication/network technology has been continuously improved and improved. At present, the wireless communication/network technology commonly used in the global smart home field mainly includes several short-range wireless communication technologies coexisting with WIFI, Bluetooth, Z-WAVE and ZigBee. These technologies have become the main ways and means of smart home connection and control. .
First, WIFI
As the world's most widely used short-range wireless communication technology, WIFI is called WirelessFidelity, which is wireless fidelity. The official name is IEEE802.11b. WIFI technology is a wireless communication protocol, which belongs to short-range wireless communication technology, and can connect terminals such as personal computers and handheld devices (such as PDAs and mobile phones) to each other wirelessly. WIFI is a wireless extension of Ethernet. The cost of networking is lower, the transmission speed is higher, the speed is very fast, and the coverage radius of radio waves is up to 100 meters. WIFI can be embedded in other devices, such as medical monitoring equipment, building control systems, etc.
Second, Bluetooth
The Bluetooth technology is mainly divided into the Wibree standard added in BT3.0+HS and 4.0, which is BluetoothLowEnergy (BLE). In the light home field, we mainly discuss the BLE part. Low-Power Bluetooth (BLE) technology is a low-cost, short-range, interoperable, robust wireless technology that operates in the 2.4G band. BLE uses a variable connection time interval, a few milliseconds to a few seconds. With a fast connection, you can save energy in a "non-connected" state. At this point, the two ends of the link only know each other, and only open the chain when necessary. The road then shuts down the link in the shortest possible time, so it has very low running and standby power consumption.
Third, Z-Wave
Z-Wave is a wireless networking specification led by the Danish company Zensys. Z-Wave is an emerging RF-based, low-cost, low-power, high-reliability, network-appropriate short-range wireless communication technology. The working frequency band is 908.42MHz, and the effective coverage of the 868.42MHz signal is 30m indoors and 100m outdoors, suitable for narrow bandwidth applications. Z-Wave technology is designed for residential, lighting commercial control and status reading applications such as meter reading, lighting and appliance control, HVAC, access control, theft and fire detection.
Fourth, ZigBee
ZigBee is a low-power LAN protocol based on IEEE802.15.4 standard. It is an emerging short-range (10-100m), low-rate (250Kbps nominal rate), low-power wireless network technology, mainly used for short-range wireless. Connection, suitable for use in areas such as automatic control and remote control, can be embedded in a variety of devices. Its main features are close range, low complexity, self-organization, low power consumption, low data rate, low cost, high reliability and so on. ZigBee uses 2.4G, 868MHz and 915MHz.
In short, ZigBee is a cheap, low-power, ad hoc network of short-range wireless communication/network technology.
ZigBee technology is widely used and stands out as the mainstream
Due to the complexity of the Bluetooth technology protocol, high power consumption, high cost, limited transmission range, the general effective range is about 10 meters, the anti-interference ability is not strong, and the information security is poor, which makes it less suitable for low cost and low. Power consumption of industrial control and home networking, and restrict its further development and large-scale application.
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